en تخصصي Special گزارش مورد case report <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">Background:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> Neferine is known as one of the major bioactive alkaloids. It is present in the seed embryo of <i>Nelumbo Nucifera</i>, which belongs to the family of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This review article aimed to discuss the influences and benefits of Neferine administration through the autophagy process in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the autophagy benefits of Neferine on different medical conditions. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">Materials and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> This review was performed on <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> research focused on autophagic features of Neferine on a variety of medical conditions, disorders, and malignancies.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span style="letter-spacing:-0.2pt"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="color:black"> Due to its widespread therapeutic and bioactive features, Neferine could be regarded as a promising and applicable therapeutic choice. Neferine supplementation alleviates and attenuates the undesired and adverse effects of anticancer drugs against normal healthy cells, while potentially enhancing their therapeutic effects against cancerous cells. Additionally, Neferine augments the activity of detoxifying enzymes and may diminish the detrimental effects of toxic substances. Cytotoxic and cytoprotective effects of Neferine depend on incubation time, dose, and type of cells. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b><span style="color:black">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Neferine </span><span style="color:black">exerts context-dependent bidirectional effects</span><span style="color:black">, with its protective/toxic features being mediated through activation or inhibition of the autophagy process in a cell- and situation-dependent manner.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Autophagy, Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, Cytoprotective, Cytotoxic, Neferine 83 100 http://ajpr1.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-23&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Khashayar Sanemar 1003194753284600145 1003194753284600145 Yes 1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Katayoun Derakhshandeh 1003194753284600146 1003194753284600146 No Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Abdollahi 1003194753284600147 1003194753284600147 No Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mojdeh Mohammadi mohamadimojdeh@yahoo.com 1003194753284600148 1003194753284600148 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.