en تخصصي Special كاربردي Applicable <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b>Background: </b>Peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathy-associated chronic wounds remain difficult to treat because impaired axonal regeneration, persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and defective tissue repair frequently coexist.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b>Methods: </b>This narrative review critically examines recent advances in microneedle (MN) technologies for peripheral nerve regeneration and chronic wound healing, with emphasis on platform design, biomaterials, therapeutic payloads, multifunctional systems, preclinical evaluation, and translational considerations.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">Results: The reviewed literature highlights the development of dissolving, hydrogel-forming, biodegradable, conductive, responsive, and conduit-integrated MN systems capable of localized delivery and, in selected designs, electrical or piezoelectric stimulation. Therapeutic strategies include neurotrophic factors, extracellular vesicles, anti-inflammatory agents, nitric oxide/oxygen-generating systems, and electroactive components targeting neuro-immune-vascular dysfunction. Preclinical studies report improvements in wound closure, angiogenesis, inflammatory modulation, axonal regeneration, remyelination, and functional recovery; however, evidence remains dominated by rodent models, and direct peripheral nerve applications are less mature than wound-healing applications.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, MN technologies represent promising multifunctional regenerative interfaces, while clinical translation remains constrained by manufacturing complexity, regulatory requirements, reproducibility, and limited validation in clinically relevant models.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:6.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Diabetic wound healing, Microneedle drug delivery, Neurovascular regeneration, Peripheral nerve regeneration, Regenerative biomaterials, Schwann cell regeneration 133 143 http://ajpr.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-94&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Akram Shafiee a.shafiee@umsha.ac.ir No 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran